Monday, 23 February 2015
Wednesday, 4 February 2015
PHRASAL VERBS 6
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1.
grow into something
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grow big enough to fit
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This bike is too big for him now, but he
should grow into it by next year.
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2.
hand something down
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give something used to someone else
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I handed my old comic books down to my little cousin.
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3.
hand something in
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submit
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I have to hand in my essay by Friday.
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4.
hand something out
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to distribute to a group of people
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We will hand out the invitations at the door.
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5.
hand something over
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give (usually unwillingly)
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The police asked the man to hand overhis wallet and his
weapons.
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6.
hang in
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stay positive (N.Amer., informal)
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Hang in there. I'm sure you'll find a job very soon.
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7.
hang on
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wait a short time (informal)
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Hang on while I grab my coat and shoes!
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8.
hang out
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spend time relaxing (informal)
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Instead of going to the party we are
just going to hang out at my place.
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9.
hang up
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end a phone call
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He didn't say goodbye before he hung up.
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10. hold someone/
something back
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prevent from doing/going
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I had to hold my dog back because there was a cat in the park.
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11. hold something back
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hide an emotion
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Jamie held
back his tears at his
grandfather's funeral.
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12. hold on
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wait a short time
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Please hold
on while I transfer you to
the Sales Department.
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13. hold onto someone/
something
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hold firmly using your hands or arms
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Hold onto your hat because it's very windy outside.
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14. Hold someone/
something up
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rob
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A man in a black mask held the bank upthis morning.
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15. keep on doing something
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continue doing
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Keep on stirring until the liquid comes to a boil.
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16. keep something from
someone
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not tell
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We kept our relationship from our parents for two years.
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17. Keep someone/something out
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stop from entering
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Try to keep the wet dog out of the living room.
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18. keep something up
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continue at the same rate
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If you keep those results up you will get into a great college.
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19. let someone down
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fail to support or help, disappoint
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I need you to be on time. Don't let medown this time.
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20. let someone in
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allow to enter
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Can you let the cat in before you go to school?
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21. look after someone/something
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take care of
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I have to look after my sick grandmother.
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22. look down on someone
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think less of, consider inferior
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Ever since we stole that chocolate bar
your dad has looked down on me.
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23.
look for someone/something
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try to find
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I'm looking
for a red dress for the
wedding.
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IDIOMS 6
IDIOMS FEBRUARY
Kick The Bucket:
Die.
Kitty-corner:
Diagonally across. Sometimes called Catty-Corner as well.
Knee Jerk Reaction:
A quick and automatic response.
Knock On Wood:
Knuckle tapping on wood in order to avoid some bad luck.
Know the Ropes:
To understand the details.
L
Last but not least:
An introduction phrase to let the audience know that the last person mentioned is no less important than those introduced before him/her.
Lend Me Your Ear:
To politely ask for someone's full attention.
Let Bygones Be Bygones:
To forget about a disagreement or arguement.
Let Sleeping Dogs Lie:
To avoid restarting a conflict.
Let The Cat Out Of The Bag:
To share a secret that wasn't suppose to be shared.
Level playing field:
A fair competition where no side has an advantage.
Like a chicken with its head cut off:
To act in a frenzied manner.
Liquor someone up:
To get someone drunk.
Long in the Tooth:
Old people (or horses).
Loose Cannon:
Someone who is unpredictable and can cause damage if not kept in check.
M
Make No Bones About:
To state a fact so there are no doubts or objections.
Method To My Madness:
Strange or crazy actions that appear meaningless but in the end are done for a good reason.
Mumbo Jumbo:
Nonsense or meaningless speech.
Mum's the word:
To keep quiet. To say nothing.
N
Nest Egg:
Savings set aside for future use.
Never Bite The Hand That Feeds You:
Don't hurt anyone that helps you.
New kid on the block:
Someone new to the group or area.
New York Minute:
A minute that seems to go by quickly, especially in a fast paced environment.
No Dice:
To not agree. To not accept a proposition.
No Room to Swing a Cat:
An unsually small or confined space.
Die.
Kitty-corner:
Diagonally across. Sometimes called Catty-Corner as well.
Knee Jerk Reaction:
A quick and automatic response.
Knock On Wood:
Knuckle tapping on wood in order to avoid some bad luck.
Know the Ropes:
To understand the details.
L
Last but not least:
An introduction phrase to let the audience know that the last person mentioned is no less important than those introduced before him/her.
Lend Me Your Ear:
To politely ask for someone's full attention.
Let Bygones Be Bygones:
To forget about a disagreement or arguement.
Let Sleeping Dogs Lie:
To avoid restarting a conflict.
Let The Cat Out Of The Bag:
To share a secret that wasn't suppose to be shared.
Level playing field:
A fair competition where no side has an advantage.
Like a chicken with its head cut off:
To act in a frenzied manner.
Liquor someone up:
To get someone drunk.
Long in the Tooth:
Old people (or horses).
Loose Cannon:
Someone who is unpredictable and can cause damage if not kept in check.
M
Make No Bones About:
To state a fact so there are no doubts or objections.
Method To My Madness:
Strange or crazy actions that appear meaningless but in the end are done for a good reason.
Mumbo Jumbo:
Nonsense or meaningless speech.
Mum's the word:
To keep quiet. To say nothing.
N
Nest Egg:
Savings set aside for future use.
Never Bite The Hand That Feeds You:
Don't hurt anyone that helps you.
New kid on the block:
Someone new to the group or area.
New York Minute:
A minute that seems to go by quickly, especially in a fast paced environment.
No Dice:
To not agree. To not accept a proposition.
No Room to Swing a Cat:
An unsually small or confined space.
WRITING 6: FORMAL LETTER
Definition:
A formal letter is used to address a person or
organization with whom you are not familiar.
Because of this fact, it is really challenging to write it: the quality of your content, including
spelling and grammar will probably be strongly scrutinized.
Some reasons to write a formal letter are the
following:
- Make a complaint
- Request something or give information
- Suggest something
USEFUL FORMAL LANGUAGE
To complain:
I am writing in order to complain about…
I am writing in order to complain about…
I was unsatisfied with…
In the first place…
I suggest that you…
My main criticism is…
I’m afraid to say…
To request and give information:
I am writing to inquire…
I would like to
know…
Do you think you
could tell me…
Would you mind
telling me…
The first thing I
would like to inform you is…
To
suggest:
I am writing to
suggest…
I would like to
suggest…
A further
possibility is…
TIPS
·
Underline
key information.
·
Make a
plan – make sure you include all the points in the notes.
·
Think
about who you are writing to and decide how formal your letter should be.
·
Use
your own words; avoid using the same words as those in the question.
·
Make
sure you use a variety of language.
PLAN
·
Use
neutral or formal language. Be polite.
·
Answer
or ask all the questions in the original letter.
·
Use set
phrases to sound natural.
Paragraph 1
a)
Give
your reason for writing.
Paragraph 2
a)
Ask
for or give information.
Paragraph 3
a)
Ask
any other questions.
Paragraph 4
a)
Finish
your letter with a set phrase.
EXAMPLE
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to
you about a recent visit I made to your Museum on 9th July. I was particularly interested to come to the
Museum as I am studying Science in school and I know you have some special exhibitions.
The recycling
plastics exhibition was very interesting because it showed what happens to
plastic after we throw it away and how it is turned into other products.
However, I was
very disappointed with the show on travelling in space. I contained very little information and was
boring because it had too many technical details in it and not enough on what
it is like to travel in space.
Furthermore, I
found the restaurant very expensive. I
think you should have a small shop selling snacks.
I hope you will
consider my points seriously and improve the museum for other visitors.
Yours sincerely,
Peter White
Revising
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YES
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NO
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Did I follow the
plan?
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Did I use
neutral or formal vocabulary?
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Did I use full
forms of verbs?
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Did I use set
phrases?
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Did I use
question forms correctly?
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Proofreading
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YES
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NO
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Did I check
spelling using a dictionary?
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Did I include
the passive form?
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Did I include
reported speech?
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Did I use at
least three new vocabulary words?
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Did I use at
least one idiom and one phrasal verb?
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